NAME

tail − deliver the last part of a file

SYNOPSIS

tail [ [+-]number[lbc][rf] ] [ file ]

tail [ -fr ] [ -n nlines ] [ -c ncharacters ] [ file ]

DESCRIPTION

Tail copies the named file to the standard output beginning at a designated place.  If no file is named, the standard input is copied. 

Copying begins at position +number measured from the beginning, or -number from the end of the input.  Number is counted in lines, 1K blocks or characters, according to the appended flag or Default is -10l (ten ell). 

The further flag causes tail to print lines from the end of the file in reverse order; (follow) causes tail, after printing to the end, to keep watch and print further data as it appears. 

EXAMPLES

tail file
Print the last 10 lines of a file.

tail +0f file
Print a file, and continue to watch data accumulate as it grows.
According to custom, option +number counts lines from 1, and counts blocks and characters from 0.