Digital

NAME

Xws − X server

SYNOPSIS

Xws [ options ]

DESCRIPTION

The X server is usually started by Xdm.  With Xdm, the command that executes the server is usually specified together with its command line options in an Xservers file. The actual name of the Xservers file is system dependent. See Xdm(8X) for more information. A typical entry in an Xservers file looks like:

:0 secure /usr/bin/Xws bc

Optionally, you can also create an /etc/screens file containing device-dependent command line options (separated by spaces).  The options listed in this file, if it exists, will be used in addition to the options listed on the command line. Options specified on the command line will override those specified in the /etc/screens file. 

The Xws command supports the following hardware configurations:

   DECstation 3100 Single Screen Color Workstations
  DECstation 3100 Single Screen Monochrome Workstations
  DECstation 5000 Single Screen Color Workstations
  DECstation 5000 Single Screen Monochrome Workstations
  DECstation 5000 Multiscreen Color Workstations
  DECstation 5000 Multiscreen Monochrome Workstations

The command that executes the server is specified together with its command line options in the /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers file used by xdm, and therefore, is automatically run when your system is started in multiuser mode. 

Start the server in bug compatibility mode (with the bc option) to remain bug-for-bug compatible with previous releases of the server. 

FLAGS

The following options are device independent. These options are available on all workstation hardware platforms running X11 Release 4 servers. 

−a numSets the mouse acceleration value to the specified number of pixels.  The default is 4. 

−auth stringSelects a file containing authorization records. Hosts listed in the file are allowed to access to the server’s display. By default, no authorization file is used. 

bcEnables bug compatibility with previous releases. 

−bsDisables Backing Store. Backing Store is disabled if you specify the −bs option on the command line. 

−cTurns off key clicking. 

c numSets the key click volume to the specified number (0-100).  The default is 20. 

−co stringSelects a color database. The default is /usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt. 

−f numSets the bell volume to the specified number (0-100).  The default is 50. 

−fc stringSets the default cursor font. The default is cursor. 

−fd numSets the font size in dots per inch. Acceptable values are 75 and 100. 

−fn stringSets the default text font.  The default is fixed. 

−fp stringSets the default font directory path.  The default font directory paths are: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/decwin/75dpi/
/usr/lib/X11/fonts/MIT/
/usr/lib/X11/fonts/compX10/
/usr/lib/X11/fonts/apps/75dpi/
/usr/lib/X11/fonts/private/75dpi/

+fp path[,path...]Prepends the specified font paths to the default path. 

fp+ path[,path...]Appends the specified font paths to the default path. 

−helpDisplays the Xws command usage message. 

−IDirects the server to ignore all remaining command line arguments. 

−ld numLimits data space to num Kbytes. 

−ls numLimits stack space to num Kbytes. 

−p secondsDetermines how long to wait before changing the background pattern of the screen saver.  The default is 10 seconds. 

−rTurns off automatic repetition of keyboard key characters. 

rTurns on automatic repetition of keyboard key characters.  The default is on. 

−s secondsSets the screen-saver timeout value to the specified number of seconds.  The default is 10. 

−suDisables Save-Unders. 

−t numSets the mouse threshold in pixels. The mouse will accelerate only if the threshold is exceeded. The default threshold is 4. 

−to secondsSpecifies the number of seconds for the server to wait before declaring a session connection timed out. 

ttyxxSpecifies the terminal on which the server is to start.  The ttyxx is a valid command line option, but it is ignored by the Xws server. 

vSpecifies that a blank screen is used for the screen saver.  This is the default screen saver. 

−vSpecifies that a pattern (noblank) screen is used for the screen saver. 

−wmEnables the use of Backing Store with WhenMapped calls. 

−x stringLoads the file string containing an X extension. 

:numOn a multihead system, specifies the head on which the server is run (0 or 1).  The default is 0. 

−broadcastEnables X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP) and sends broadcast query packets over the network. 

−displayID display-id
For XDMCP, identifies manufacturer’s display ID for display

−indirect hostnameEnables XDMCP and sends indirect query packets to the specified host. 

−onceTerminates the server after one session. 

−port numSpecifies the UDP port number that will receive messages. 

−query hostnameEnables XDMCP and sends query packets to the specified host. 

−XDMCP_class display-class
Specifies an additional display qualifier used in resource management by XDMCP.

The following are device-dependent, vendor-specific options.  When the server is run on multiscreen capable platforms, selected device-dependent options take an optional screen-specification argument.  Omitting the screen-specification argument defines the parameter for all available screens. 

−btn numSpecifies the number of buttons on the pointer device. The default is three for a mouse device and four for a tablet device. 

−bp[screen] colorSets the color of black pixels for the screen.  The color argument can be a named color from the rgb database or a number sign (#) followed by a hexidecimal number. 

−class[screen] visual class
Sets the visual class for the root window of the screen. Possible values are StaticGray, StaticColor, PseudoColor, GrayScale, and TrueColor. 

−dpi[screen] numSets the dots per inch for the x and y coordinates. 

−dpix[screen] numSets the dots per inch for the x coordinates. 

−dpiy[screen] numSets the dots per inch for the y coordinates. 

−edge_bottomscr1 scr2
Attaches the bottom edge of the screen specified by scr1 to the screen specified by scr2. 

−edge_leftscr1 scr2Attaches the left edge of the screen specified by scr1 to the screen specified by scr2. 

−edge_rightscr1 scr2
Attaches the right edge of the screen specified by scr1 to the screen specified by scr2. 

−edge_topscr1 scr2Attaches the top edge of the screen specified by scr1 to the screen specified by scr2. 

−wp[screen] colorSets the color of white pixels for the screen. The syntax for color is the same as for the argument to the −bp option. 

−tb nOpens /dev/tty0n for graphics tablet communications.  The two free serial ports on the DECstation correspond to /dev/tty00 and /dev/tty01.  A graphics tablet must be connected through one of these two ports. 

−pcm nOpens /dev/tty0n for Protocol Control Module (PCM) communications.  The two free serial ports on the DECstation correspond to /dev/tty00 and /dev/tty01.  Dial boxes and button boxes must be connected through these two ports. 

RESTRICTIONS

If options not listed in this reference page are used, the server may fail. Using invalid options for the X server in the /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers file may cause the workstation to behave as if the X server is hung. 

Multiscreen configurations can contain either two- or three-color frame buffer display devices or monochrome frame buffer display devices. 

Color and monochrome frame buffer display devices cannot be installed in the same workstation.  Only homogeneous installations are allowed. 

To connect two screens, two command line options must be issued. Attaching two screens using only one -edge_ argument produces a one-way mouse-travel path.  You can create a wrap-around mouse path by attaching noncontiguous screen edges.  The -edge_ arguments are disabled on single screen systems. 

Nonsensical screen connections are not allowed; the top edge of a particular screen must be connected with the bottom edge of another screen, and the right edge of a particular screen must be connected with the left edge of another screen.  Left and right edges cannot be connected to top or bottom edges. 

EXAMPLES

The following example specifies that screen 0 has a resolution of 100x100 dots per inch and screen 1 has a resolution of 75x70 dots per inch:

Xws -dpi0 100 -dpix1 75 -dpiy1 70

If no screen is specified, the value specified is used for all screens. If the screen resolution is not specified using command line options, a default value based on pixel dimensions and screen size is calculated for each screen. 

The following example specifies that black pixels on screen 1 have the hexadecimal value 3a009e005c0 prefixed with a number sign (#) and white pixels on screen 1 are color "wheat" from the X rgb color database. 

Xws -bp1 #3a009e005c0 -wp1 wheat

For monochrome display devices, values of 0 and 1 are the only valid pixel colors. 

To specify the default visual class of a root window on a particular screen, append the screen number (0, 1, or 2) to the −class command line option. Possible visual classes are: StaticGray, StaticColor, PseudoColor, GrayScale, and TrueColor.  The following example specifies that the screen 0 root window is a TrueColor visual, and the screen 1 root window is a PseudoColor visual. 

Xws -class0 TrueColor -class1 PseudoColor

The following example attaches screen 1 above screen 0 and screen 2 to the right of screen 0 (an L-shaped configuration):

Xws -edge_top0 1 -edge_bottom1 0 -edge_right0 2 -edge_left2 0

The following example is identical to the default state (a horizontal line) with the addition of a wraparound from screen 0 to screen 2:

Xws -edge_left0 2 -edge_right0 1 -edge_left1 0 -edge_right1 2 \
-edge_left2 1 -edge_right2 0

FILES

~/.Xdefaults
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xdm-config
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/xdm-errors
/usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers

RELATED INFORMATION

X(1X) Xdm(8X)
X Window System: The Complete Reference to Xlib, X Protocol, ICCCM, XLFD, by Robert W. Scheifler and James Gettys, Second Edition, Digital Press, 1990
OSF/MOTIF Programmer’s Guide and OSF/MOTIF Reference Guide, Open Software Foundation, Prentice-Hall, 1990