as(1)                               CLIX                               as(1)



  NAME

    as - Runs the common assembler

  SYNOPSIS

    as [flag ... ] filename

  FLAGS

    -Atarg=target   Specifies the CLIPPER microprocessor.  The types of
                    processors are the CLIPPER C100, C300, and C400
                    processors.  The target may have one of the following
                    values shown in the table:

                    c100 or c1   Specifies the C100 processor.

                    c300 or c3   Specifies the C300 processor.

                    c400 or c4   Specifies the C400 processor.

                    Use caution when selecting the type of processor;  the
                    code is upward-compatible but not downward-compatible.
                    For example, code generated for C100 runs on the other two
                    processors, but code generated for C300 or C400 does not
                    execute on C100 processors.  If downward compatibility is
                    not required and the program is compute-intensive,
                    removing instruction fixups may improve performance.

    -a[fi]          Generates alignment checks for a specific type of loads
                    and stores.  This flag has two forms, as follows:

                    -af   Generates alignment checks for floating-point loads
                          and stores.

                    -ai   Generates alignment checks for integer loads and
                          stores.

                    If neither f nor i is used, both floating-point and
                    integer loads and stores are checked.

    -o objfile      Names the assembly output objfile.  By default, the output
                    filename is formed by removing the .s suffix, if it has
                    one, from the input filename and appending a .o suffix
                    (after truncating the name to 12 characters, if
                    necessary).

    -F arg          Controls the generation of instruction fixups required for
                    the CLIPPER C100, C300, and C400 processors. The arg is
                    the string c1, c3, or c4.




  2/94 - Intergraph Corporation                                              1

  as(1)                               CLIX                               as(1)



                    Note:  This flag is the same as the -Atarg flag and is
                    provided for backward compatibility only.  The -Atarg flag
                    should be used instead.

    -n              Turns off long/short address optimization.  By default,
                    addresses are optimized.

    -m              Runs the m4 macro processor on the assembler input.

    -dl             Does not produce line number information in the object
                    file.

    -V              Displays the version number of the assembler being run on
                    stderr.

    -v              (Verbose.)  Prints processor information on stderr.

  DESCRIPTION

    The as command assembles the named file into a CLIPPER object file.  If
    more than one file is specified, only the last file is used.  Flags used
    with this command may be specified in any order.

  EXAMPLES

    1.  This example assembles the myfile.s file for a C300 processor and
        names the object file myfile.o:

        as -Atarg=c300 myfile.s


    2.  This example processes machine definitions in the myfile.s source file
        before assembly:

        as -m myfile.s

        The m4 macro processor runs on the assembler input, which is then
        assembled.

  FILES

    $TMPDIR/*
           Temporary files.  The $TMPDIR temporary file directory is usually
           /usr/tmp but can be redefined by setting the environment variable
           TMPDIR (see tmpnam(3)).

    /usr/lib/cnfdefs
           Default directory containing the m4 predefined macros.

  NOTES




  2                                              Intergraph Corporation - 2/94

  as(1)                               CLIX                               as(1)



    Due to the complexities of creating executables and object files,
    Intergraph recommends accessing the assembler through a compilation system
    interface program (such as acc).

    The -Atarg= flag should now be used instead of the -F flag.  (The -F flag
    is provided only for backward compatibility.)

    Arithmetic expressions may only have one forward-referenced symbol per
    expression.

    The .align assembler directive may not work in the .text section when
    optimization is performed.

  CAUTIONS

    If the -m (m4 macro processor invocation) flag is used, keywords for m4
    cannot be used as symbols (variables, functions, or labels) in the input
    file since m4 cannot distinguish assembler symbols from real m4 macros.

  EXIT VALUES

    If the as command executes successfully, it exits with a value of 0.  If
    an error occurs, the command exits with one of the following values,
    depending on the particular error.

    1     Indicates that a command-line error, a malloc failure (out of
          memory), or an environment variable error occurred.  These errors
          are all startup errors.

    100   Indicates that the m4 macro pass failed or a child process error
          occurred.  These errors show that the child process invoked by as
          failed.

    127   Indicates that an assembler error (syntax, internal, and others)
          occurred.  The error may be in the assembly source or in the writing
          of the object file.

  RELATED INFORMATION

    Commands: m4(1)

    Functions: tmpnam(3)












  2/94 - Intergraph Corporation                                              3