ged(1) CLIX ged(1)
NAME
ged - Runs a graphical editor
SYNOPSIS
ged [-euR] [rn] [file ... ]
DESCRIPTION
The ged command runs an interactive graphical editor used to display,
construct, and edit GPS files on Tektronix 4010 series display terminals.
If GPS files are given, ged reads them into an internal display buffer and
displays the buffer. The GPS in the buffer can then be edited. If - is
given as a filename, ged reads a GPS from stdin.
The ged command accepts the following command line flags:
-e Do not erase the screen before the initial display.
-rn Display region number n.
-u Display the entire GPS universe.
-R Restricted shell invoked on use of !.
A GPS file is composed of instances of three graphical objects: lines,
arc, and text. The arc and lines objects have a start point, or object-
handle, followed by zero or more points, or point-handles. A text object
has only an object-handle. The objects are positioned within a Cartesian
plane, or universe, having 64K (-32K to +32K) points, or universe-units,
on each axis. The universe is divided into 25 equal sized areas called
regions. Regions are arranged in five rows of five squares each, numbered
1 to 25 from the lower left of the universe to the upper right.
The ged command maps rectangular areas, called windows, from the universe
onto the display screen. Windows allow the user to view pictures from
different locations and at different magnifications. The universe-window
is the window with minimum magnification, that is, the window that views
the entire universe. The home-window is the window that completely
displays the contents of the display buffer.
COMMANDS
The ged commands are entered in stages. Typically, each stage ends by
pressing <Return>. Prior to the final <Return>, the command may be
aborted by using the erase key. The input of a stage may be edited during
the stage using the erase and kill characters of the calling shell. The
prompt * indicates that ged is waiting at stage 1.
Each command consists of a subset of the following stages:
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1. Command line
A command line consists of a command name followed by argument(s)
followed pressing <Return>. A command name is a single character.
Command arguments are either flag(s) or a filename. Flags are
indicated by a leading -.
2. Text
Text is a sequence of characters terminated by an unescaped
<Return> (120 lines of text maximum).
3. Points
Points is a sequence of one or more screen locations (maximum of
30) indicated either by the terminal crosshairs or by name. The
prompt for entering points is the appearance of the crosshairs.
When the crosshairs are visible, typing:
space bar enters the current location as a point. The point is
identified with a number.
$n enters the previous point numbered n.
>x labels the last point entered with the uppercase letter
x.
$x enters the point labeled x.
. establishes the previous points as the current points.
At the start of a command the previous points are those
locations given with the previous command.
= echoes the current points.
$.n enters the point numbered n from the previous points.
# erases the last point entered.
@ erases all of the points entered.
4. Pivot
The pivot is a single location, entered by pressing <Return> or by
using the $ operator, and indicated with a *.
5. Destination
The destination is a single location entered by pressing <Return>
or by using $.
Command Summary
In the summary, characters typed by the user are printed in bold. Command
stages are printed in italics. Arguments surrounded by brackets are
optional. Parentheses surrounding arguments separated by ``or'' means
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that exactly one of the arguments must be given.
Construct commands
Arc [-echo, style, weight] points
Box [-echo, style, weight] points
Circle [-echo, style, weight] points
Hardware [-echo] text points
Lines [-echo, style, weight] points
Text [-angle, echo, height, mid-point, right-point, text,
weight] text points
Edit commands
Delete (-(universe or view) or points)
Edit [-angle, echo, height, style, weight] (-(universe or view)
or points)
Kopy [-echo, points, x] points pivot destination
Move [-echo, points, x] points pivot destination
Rotate [-angle, echo, kopy, x] points pivot destination
Scale [-echo, factor, kopy, x] points pivot destination
View commands
coordinates points
erase
new-display
object-handles (-(universe or view) or points)
point-handles (-(labelled-points or universe or view) or points)
view (-(home or universe or region) or [-x] pivot
destination)
x [-view] points
zoom [-out] points
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Other commands
quit or Quit
read [-angle, echo, height, mid-point, right-point, text,
weight] filename [destination]
set [-angle, echo, factor, height, kopy, mid-point,
points, right-point, style, text, weight, x]
write filename
!command
?
Options
Options specify parameters used to construct, edit, and view
graphical objects. If a parameter used by a command is not
specifed as an option, the default value for the parameter will be
used (see set below). The format of command options is:
-option[,option]
where option is keyletter[value]. Flags take on the values of true
or false indicated by + and - respectively. If no value is given
with a flag, true is assumed.
Object options:
anglen Angle of n degrees.
echo When true, echo additions to the display buffer.
factorn Scale factor is n percent.
heightn Height of text is n universe-units (0<n<1280).
kopy When true, copy rather than move.
mid-point When true, mid-point is used to locate text string.
points When true, operate on points; otherwise operate on
objects.
right-point When true, right-point is used to locate text string.
styletype Line style set to one of following types:
so solid
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da dashed
dd dot-dashed
do dotted
ld long-dashed
text When false, text strings are outlined rather than
drawn.
weighttype Sets line weight to one of following types:
n narrow
m medium
b bold
Area
home Reference the home-window.
out Reduce magnification.
regionn Reference region n.
universe Reference the universe-window.
view Reference those objects currently in view.
x Indicate the center of the referenced area.
Command Descriptions
Construct commands
Arc and Lines
behave similarly. Each consists of a command line followed
by points. The first point entered is the object-handle.
Successive points are point-handles. Lines connect the
handles in numerical order. Arc fits a curve to the handles
(currently a maximum of 3 points will be fit with a circular
arc; splines will be added in a later version).
Box and Circle
are special cases of Lines and Arc, respectively. Box
generates a rectangle with sides parallel to the universe
axes. A diagonal of the rectangle would connect the first
point entered with the last point. The first point is the
object-handle. Point-handles are created at each of the
vertices. Circle generates a circular arc centered about
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the point numbered zero and passing through the last point.
The circle's object-handle coincides with the last point. A
point-handle is generated 180 degrees around the circle from
the object-handle.
Text and Hardware
generate text objects. Each consists of a command line,
text and points. Text is a sequence of characters delimited
by pressing <Return>. Multiple lines of text may be entered
by preceding a <Return> with a backslash. The Text command
creates software-generated characters. Each line of
software text is treated as a separate text object. The
first point entered is the object-handle for the first line
of text. The Hardware command sends the characters in text
uninterpreted to the terminal.
Edit commands
Edit commands operate on portions of the display buffer called
defined areas. A defined area is referenced either with an area
option or interactively. If an area option is not given, the
perimeter of the defined area is indicated by points. If no point
is entered, a small defined area is built around the location of
the <Return> character. This is useful to reference a single
point. If only one point is entered, the location of the <Return>
is taken in conjunction with the point to indicate a diagonal of a
rectangle. A defined area referenced by points will be outlined
with dotted lines.
Delete removes all objects whose object-handle lies within a
defined area. The universe option removes all objects and
erases the screen.
Edit modifies the parameters of the objects within a defined
area. Parameters that can be edited are:
angle angle of text
height height of text
style style of lines and arc
weight weight of lines, arc, and text.
Kopy (or Move)
copies (or moves) object- and/or point-handles within a
defined area by the displacement from the pivot to the
destination.
Rotate rotates objects within a defined area around the pivot. If
the kopy flag is true then the objects are copied rather
than moved.
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Scale For objects whose object handles are within a defined area,
point displacements from the pivot are scaled by factor
percent. If the kopy flag is true then the objects are
copied rather than moved.
View commands
coordinates
prints the location of point(s) in universe- and screen-
units.
erase clears the screen (but not the display buffer).
new-display
erases the screen then displays the display buffer.
object-handles (or point-handles)
labels object-handles (and/or point-handles) that lie within
the defined area with O (or P). Point-handles identifies
labeled points when the labelled-points flag is true.
view moves the window so that the universe point corresponding to
the pivot coincides with the screen point corresponding to
the destination. Options for home, universe, and region
display particular windows in the universe.
x indicates the center of a defined area. Option view
indicates the center of the screen.
zoom decreases (zoom out) or increases the magnification of the
viewing window based on the defined area. For increased
magnification, the window is set to circumscribe the defined
area. For a decrease in magnification the current window is
inscribed within the defined area.
Other commands
quit or Quit exit from ged. Quit responds with ? if the display
buffer has not been written since the last
modification.
read inputs the contents of a file. If the file contains
a GPS it is read directly. If the file contains
text it is converted into text object(s). The first
line of a text file begins at destination.
set when given option(s) resets default parameters,
otherwise it prints current default values.
write outputs the contents of the display buffer to a
file.
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ged(1) CLIX ged(1)
! escapes ged to execute a CLIX system command.
? lists ged commands.
EXAMPLES
The following command will invoke the ged editor with the myfile file:
ged myfile
CAUTIONS
See Appendix A of the Tektronix 4014 Computer Display Terminal User's
Manual for a discussion of the appropriate terminal strap options.
EXIT VALUES
The ged command exits with a value of 0 if successful. If unsuccessful,
ged exits with a value of 1.
RELATED INFORMATION
Commands: gdev(1), graphics(1), sh(1)
Files: gps(4)
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