sysadm(1) CLIX sysadm(1)
NAME
sysadm - Runs a menu interface used for system administration
SYNOPSIS
sysadm [subcommand]
DESCRIPTION
The sysadm command gives the user access to menus used for system setup,
configuration, and administration. With the subcommands listed in these
menus, the user can, for example, perform system setup and diagnostics,
manage logins, and manage fixed and removable disks.
When invoked without an argument, the sysadm command presents a menu of
system administration subcommands, from which the user selects. If the
optional argument is presented, the named subcommand is run or the named
submenu is presented.
The sysadm command can be given a password. See admpasswd in the
Subcommands section.
Subcommands
The following menus of subcommands are available.
diagnostics System Diagnostics Menu. The subcommands in this menu look
for and sometimes repair problems in the system. The
subcommands that issue reports allow you to determine if
there are detectable problems. Commands that attempt repair
are for repair people only. You must know what you are
doing!
diskrepair This subcommand advises you on how to go about
repairing errors that occur on fixed disks.
CAUTIONS: Because this is a repair function, it
should only be performed by qualified service
personnel.
NOTE: Reports of disk errors most probably
result in the loss of files and/or damage to
data. It will be necessary to restore the
repaired disk from backup copies.
diskreport This subcommand reports any errors detected
while the fixed disks were being read. The
user can request either summary or full
reports. The summary report provides
sufficient information about disk errors to
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determine whether repair should be attempted.
If the message,
no errors logged
is part of the report, there is probably no
damage. If a number of errors are reported,
there is damage and you should call for
service. The full report gives additional
detail for the expert repair person trouble
shooting complicated problems.
NOTE: Reports of disk errors most probably
result in the loss of files and/or damage to
data. It will be necessary to restore the
repaired disk from backup copies.
diskmgmt Disk Management Menu. The subcommands listed in the Disk
Management Menu provide functions for using removable disks.
The subcommands include the ability to format disks, copy
disks, and to use disks as mountable file systems. The
diskmgmt command also contains a menu of subcommands for
handling nonremovable media.
checkfsys Checks a file system on a removable disk for
errors. If there are errors, this procedure
attempts to repair them.
cpdisk This procedure copies the contents of a
removable disk into the machine, then allows
the user to make exact copies of it. These
copies are identical to the original in every
way. The copies are made by first reading the
original removable disk entirely into the
machine then writing it out onto duplicate
disks. The procedure will fail if there is not
enough space in the system to hold the original
disk.
erase This procedure erases a removable disk by
overwriting it with null bytes. The main
purpose is to remove data that the user does
not want seen. Once performed, this operation
is irreversible.
format The format procedure prepares new removable
disks for use. Once formatted, programs and
data can be written on the disks.
harddisk Fixed Disk Management Menu. The subcommands in
the Fixed Disk Management Menu provide
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functions for using fixed disks. Each fixed
disk can be partitioned with default
partitioning or the current disk partitioning
can be displayed.
display The display subcommand allows
the user to display the fixed
disk partitioning. This
procedure informs the user of
current disk partitioning
information.
partitioning The partitioning subcommand
configures fixed disks. This
allows the user to partition a
fixed disk according to the
default partitioning.
rmdisk This procedure removes a fixed
disk from the system
configuration. The fixed disk
can then be physically
disconnected (once the machine
has been turned off) or freshly
partitioned (after the machine
has been restarted).
makefsys The makefsys subcommand creates a new file
system on a removable disk, which can then
store data that the user does not wish to keep
on the fixed disk. When ``mounted'', the file
system has all the properties of a file kept on
the fixed disk, except that it is smaller.
mountfsys The mountfsys subcommand mounts a file system,
found on a removable disk, making it available
to the user. The file system is unmounted with
the umountfsys command. The disk must not be
removed while the file system is still mounted.
If the file system has been mounted with the
mountfsys command, it must be unmounted with
umountfsys.
umountfsys The umountfsys subcommand unmounts a removable
disk file system, allowing the user to remove
the disk. The disk must not be removed until
the file system is unmounted.
The umountfsys subcommand can only be used to
unmount file systems mounted with the mountfsys
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command.
filemgmt File Management Menu. The subcommands in this menu allow
the user to protect files on the hard disk file systems by
copying them onto diskettes and later restoring them to the
fixed disk by copying them back. Subcommands are also
provided to determine which files might be best kept on
diskette based on age or size.
backup The backup subcommand saves copies of files from
the integral hard disk file systems to removable
disk or tape. There are two kinds of backups:
COMPLETE - copies all files (useful in case of
serious file system damage)
INCREMENTAL - copies files changed since the last
backup
The normal usage is to do a complete backup of
each file system then periodically do incremental
backups. Two cycles are recommended (one set of
complete backups and several incrementals to each
cycle). Files backed up with backup are restored
using restore.
bupsched Backup Reminder Scheduling Menu. The bupsched
subcommand is used to schedule backup reminder
messages and backup reminder checks. Backup
reminder messages are sent to the console to
remind the administrator to backup particular
file systems when the machine is shutdown or a
reminder check has been run during the specified
time period.
Backup reminder checks specify particular times
at which the system will check to see if any
backup reminder messages have been scheduled.
schedcheck The schedcheck (schedule backup
reminder checks) subcommand runs
checks at specific times to see if
any reminders are scheduled. The
user specifies the times at which
the check is to be run. Checks are
run for the reminder messages
scheduled by schedmsg.
schedmsg Backup reminder messages are sent to
the console if the machine is
shutdown or a reminder check has
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been scheduled. The user specifies
the times at which it is appropriate
to send a message and the file
systems to be included in the
message.
diskuse The diskuse subcommand lets the user know what
percentage of the fixed disk is currently
occupied by files. The list is organized by file
system names.
fileage The fileage subcommand displays the names of all
files older than the date specified by the user.
If no date is entered, all files older than 90
days will be listed. If no directory in which to
check is specified, the /usr/admin directory will
be used.
filesize The filesize subcommand displays the names of the
largest files in a specific directory. If no
directory is specified, the /usr/admin directory
will be used. If the user does not specify how
many large files to list, 10 files will be
listed.
restore The restore subcommand copies files from disks
and tapes made by backup and store back onto the
fixed disk. You can restore individual files,
directories of files, or the entire contents of a
disk or tape. The user can restore from both
``incremental'' and ``complete'' media. The user
can also list the names of files stored on the
disk or tape.
store The store subcommand copies files and directories
of files from the integral fixed disk to disk or
tape and allows the user to optionally verify
that they worked and to optionally remove them
when done. Typically, these would be files to
which the user wants to restrict access or wants
to archive. The user can store single files and
directories of files. Use the restore subcommand
to put stored files back on the integral fixed
disk and to list the files stored.
machinemgmt Machine Management Menu. Machine management functions are
tools used to operate the machine, for example, turn it off,
reboot, or go to the firmware monitor.
autold This procedure specifies the default manual
program to boot from firmware and/or the device
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to be used when automatically rebooting.
firmware This procedure will stop all running programs,
close any open files, write out information to
the disk (such as directory information), then
enter the firmware mode, which provides access
to machine diagnostics and other special
functions that are not available on the UNIX
system.
floppykey The ``floppy key'' removable disk allows the
user to enter firmware mode if the firmware
password has been changed and then forgotten.
Thus the ``floppy key'' is just that, the
``key'' to the system and should be protected as
such.
powerdown The powerdown command will stop all running
programs, close any open files, write out
information to disk (such as directory
information), then turn the machine power off.
reboot The reboot subcommand will stop all running
programs, close any open files, write out
information to disk (such as directory
information), then reboot the machine. The
reboot subcommand can be used to get out of some
types of system trouble, such as when a process
cannot be killed.
whoson Displays a list of users currently logged onto
the system. The whoson displays the login ID,
terminal device number, and sign-on time of all
users who are currently using the computer.
packagemgmt Package Management. These submenus and subcommands manage
various software and hardware packages that you install on
your machine. Not all optional packages add subcommands
here.
softwaremgmt Software Management Menu. These subcommands permit the user
to install new software, remove software, and run software
directly from the removable disk it is delivered on. The
remove and run capabilities are dependent on the particular
software packages. See the instructions delivered with each
package.
installpkg The install subcommand copies files from
removable disk onto the integral fixed disk and
performs additional work if necessary so that
the software can be run. From then on, the user
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will have access to those commands.
listpkg This subcommand shows you a list of currently
installed optional software packages.
removepkg This subcommand displays a list of currently
installed optional software packages. Actions
necessary to remove the software packages
specified by the user will then be performed.
The removable disk containing installpkg, which
was used to install the software, is needed to
remove it.
runpkg This package allows the user to run software
from a removable disk without installing it
permanently on the system. This is useful if
the user does not use the software often or does
not have enough room on the system.
CAUTIONS: Not all software packages have the
ability to run their contents this way. See the
instructions that come with the software
package.
syssetup System Setup Menu. System setup functions allow the user to
tell the computer what its environment looks like: what the
date, time, and time zone is, what administration and system
capabilities are to be under password control, what the
machine's name is, and so forth. The first-time setup
sequence is also here.
admpasswd The admpasswd subcommand lets you set or make
changes to passwords for administrative commands
and logins such as setup and sysadm.
datetime The datetime subcommand sets the date, time,
time zone, and tells the computer whether you
observe Daylight Savings Time (DST). This
program is normally run once when the machine is
first set up. If you observe DST, the computer
will automatically start to observe it in the
spring and return to Standard Time in the fall.
The machine has to be turned off and turned back
on again to guarantee that all times will be
reported correctly. Most are correct the next
time the user logs in.
nodename The nodename subcommand allows you to change/set
the nodename of this machine. The nodename is
used by various communications networks to
identify this machine.
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setup The setup subcommand allows the user to set up
the machine the very first time. The user
defines the first login, sets the passwords on
the user-definable administration logins, and
sets the time zone for your location.
syspasswd The syspasswd subcommand lets the user set
system passwords normally reserved for the very
knowledgeable user. For this reason, this
procedure can assign those passwords, but cannot
change or clear them. Once set, they can only
be changed by the specific login or the root
login.
ttymgmt This procedure allows the user to manage the computer's
terminal functions.
lineset The lineset subcommand shows tty line settings
and hunt sequences. The tty line settings are
often hunt sequences where, if the first line
setting does not work, the line ``hunts'' to the
next line setting until one that does work comes
by. The lineset subcommand shows the various
sequences with only specific line settings in
them. It also shows each line setting in
detail.
mklineset The mklineset subcommand creates new tty line
settings and hunt sequences. This subcommand
helps the user create tty line setting entries.
You might want to add line settings that are not
in the current set or create hunt sequences with
only specific line settings in them. The
created hunt sequences are circular; stepping
past the last setting puts you on the first.
modtty The modtty subcommand shows and optionally
modifies characteristics of tty lines. This
subcommand reports and allows you to change the
characteristics of tty lines (also called
``ports'').
usermgmt User Management Menu. These subcommands allow you to add,
modify and delete the list of users who have access to the
user's machine. You can also place them in separate groups
so that they can share access to files within the group but
protect themselves from other groups.
addgroup The addgroup subcommand adds a new group name
or ID to the computer. Group names and IDs are
used to identify groups of users who desire
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common access to a set of files and
directories.
adduser The adduser subcommand installs a new login ID
on the machine. You are asked a series of
questions about the user, then the new entry is
made. You can enter more than one user at a
time. Once this procedure is finished, the new
login ID is available.
delgroup The delgroup subcommand allows you to remove
groups from the computer. The deleted group is
no longer identified by name. However, files
can still be identified with the group ID
number.
deluser The deluser subcommand allows you to remove
users from the computer. The deleted user's
files are removed from the fixed disk and their
logins are removed from the /etc/passwd file.
lsgroup The lsgroup subcommand lists all the groups
that have been entered into the computer. This
list is updated automatically by addgroup and
delgroup.
lsuser The lsuser subcommand lists all the users who
have been entered into the computer. This list
is updated automatically by adduser and
deluser.
modadduser The modadduser subcommand allows the user to
change some of the defaults used when adduser
creates a new login. Changing the defaults
does not affect any existing logins, only
logins made from this point on.
modgroup The modgroup subcommand allows the user to
change the name of a group that the user enters
when addgroup is run to set up new groups.
moduser Menu of Commands to Modify Logins. This menu
contains commands that modify the various
aspects of a user's login.
chgloginid This procedure allows the user to
change a user's login ID.
Administrative and system logins
cannot be changed.
chgpasswd This procedure allows removal or
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change of a user's password.
Administrative and system login
passwords cannot be changed. To
change administrative and system
login passwords, see the System
Setup Menu, syssetup subcommand.
chgshell The chgshell subcommand changes a
user's login shell. This procedure
allows the user to change the
command run when a user logs in.
The login shell of the
administrative and system logins
cannot be changed by this
procedure.
EXAMPLES
sysadm adduser
FILES
The files that support sysadm are found in /usr/admin.
The menu starts in directory /usr/admin/menu.
DIAGNOSTICS
... is not a valid subcommand or submenu name
An incorrect subitem is given.
EXIT VALUES
The sysadm command will exit with a value of 1 if a problem occurs.
RELATED INFORMATION
AT&T UNIX System V System Administrator's Guide
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