NAME

time, ptime − time a command

SYNOPSIS

time [ −a ] [ −r ] [ −v ] command

ptime [ −a ] [ −r ] [ −v ] command

DESCRIPTION

The given command is executed; after it is complete, time prints the elapsed time during the command, the time spent in the system, and the time spent in execution of the command.  Times are reported in seconds. 

If the −a option is specified, or when envoked as ptime, time shows the execution times for each process. 

If the −r option is specified, time also includes resource usage information. 

The resource usage fields are:

pid numerical user-id of process owner

ppid numerical user-id of parent of process

MaxRSS
maximum real memory (resident set) size (in 1024 byte units)

MajorPF
major page faults

MinorPF
minor page faults

Swaps count of process swaps

blkI count of block input operations

blkO count of block output operations

Nsig count of signals received

Vcsw voluntary context switches

Icsw involuntary context switches

If the −v option is specified, time traces process events such as fork, exec, and exit as they occur. 

The times are printed on the diagnostic output stream. 

Time is a built-in command to csh(1), with a different syntax and a different output format. This command is available as /bin/time to csh users. 

BUGS

Due to the multi-processing nature of DYNIX, it is possible for the CPU time (user + system time) for the command to greatly exceed the real time, thus giving percentages greater than 100% for CPU utilization. 

The -a option returns a smaller number for the system time because it does not include the time used to exit the process. 

4BSD