monregion(1) CLIX monregion(1)
NAME
monregion - Runs the CRM utility for monitoring memory regions
SYNOPSIS
/usr/ip32/crm/monregion [-U boot_image] [-w] [-o output_file] input_option
FLAGS
-U boot_image Provides the file specification of the CLIX image which
was booted. This flag is only required if the boot image
has been moved since the system was booted. (The default
boot image used is set with the Operating System
Parameters item of the workstation Utility Pages; usually,
the image is the /unix file. However, if the user moves
the boot image to a different directory, the -U flag must
be used to tell the CRM utilities where to find the boot
image.)
-o output_file Directs output to output_file. A hyphen (-) for
output_file directs output to stout.
-w Executes monregion in graphics-based format.
The following input_options are available:
-i input_file Reads the data from input_file. The input_file
must have been created as an output_file using the
-o flag. A hyphen (-) for input_file reads input
from stdin.
-p pid Specifies the ID number of the process to monitor
(PID). The user may enter ps -e at the system
prompt to determine the PID of a process already
running.
-n process_name Specifies the name of the process to monitor. The
user may enter ps -e at the system prompt to
determine the name of a process already running.
-e command [arg ... ] Allows the user to run, provide arguments for, and
monitor a program.
DESCRIPTION
The monregion command monitors the memory regions used by the specified
process.
The following list contains the region types which are monitored by
monregion.
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monregion(1) CLIX monregion(1)
TEXT Main executable code and read-only data.
DATA Main data region.
STACK Process stack.
SHMEM Shared memory.
DMM Double mapped memory.
LIBTXT Shared library code.
LIBDAT Shared library data.
MMF Memory mapped file.
A brief explanation of the monregion fields follows.
SHARED
PRIVATE Displays whether the region can be shared with other processes
or is local to this process.
RDONLY
RD/WRT Displays whether the process has read and write access to the
region or the region is read-only.
GROWDWN Indicates a region which is structured to begin at high
addresses and decrease to low addresses. Pages added to such a
region are added at the lowest virtual address rather than the
highest. Thus, when this kind of region grows, it grows
downward.
size Displays the number of virtual pages in the region.
valid Displays the number of physical pages mapped to virtual pages in
the region.
The control registers are as follows:
PSW Program status word.
SSW System status word.
PC Program counter. This is the address of the current instruction
being executed by the program.
The page faulting information is presented as follows:
DEMAND The number of demand-zero page faults incurred by the process
since its creation.
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monregion(1) CLIX monregion(1)
CACHE The number of cache page faults incurred by the process since its
creation.
FILE The number of file page faults incurred by the process since its
creation.
CW The number of copy-on-write page faults incurred by the process
since its creation.
SWAP The number of swap page faults incurred by the process since its
creation.
STEAL The number of steal page faults incurred by the process since its
creation.
The rows of numbers, asterisks, ampersands, and other alphanumeric
characters below the names of the memory regions provide information about
the memory pages as follows:
The alphanumeric characters (00000000, 00400000, and so on) directly below
the memory regions specify the starting address (in the region) for that
line in the monitor. If the entire region cannot be displayed on a single
line in the monitor, the monitor breaks the region into several parts for
display purposes.
Each asterisk (*) represents a physical page of memory mapped to that
region. Every blank space between the * represents a page of virtual
memory without a physical page mapped to it.
The ampersand (&) indicates the memory page that the PC points to.
The ``L'' indicates a physical page of memory that is locked to the
region. A locked page cannot be removed from the region until it is
unlocked. An example of page locking occurs when a process issues an I/O
request. The kernel locks the process' buffer (specified in the I/O
request) until the I/O request completes.
The vertical bar (|) represents the end of the section of the memory
region shown on that line.
EXAMPLES
In this example, this command is entered:
/usr/ip32/crm/monregion -p 128
The output of the monregion session is as follows:
TEXT SHARED RDONLY size:27 valid:26 Fri Sep 21 11:25:06 1990
00000000: * *************************|
DATA PRIVATE RD/WRT size:70 valid:65
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monregion(1) CLIX monregion(1)
00400000: * ************L************** *** **** ************************|
00440000: ******|
LIBTXT SHARED RDONLY size:27 valid:24
85c00000: ** ******************** **|
LIBDAT PRIVATE RD/WRT size:2 valid:2
86000000: **|
STACK PRIVATE RD/WRT GROWDWN size:11 valid:10
bfffffff: ********** |
SHMEM SHARED RD/WRT size:9 valid:1
c0400000: * |
LIBTXT SHARED RDONLY size:53 valid:37
f6800000: * ************* *** *******************&|
LIBDAT PRIVATE RD/WRT size:16 valid:9
f6c00000: ** **** ***|
LIBTXT SHARED RDONLY size:6 valid:6
ff800000: ******|
LIBDAT PRIVATE RD/WRT size:1 valid:1
ffc00000: *|
PSW:00000110 SSW:c44001f0 PC:f6834d26
DEMAND:266 CACHE:19 FILE:65 CW:43 SWAP:60 STEAL:49
FILES
/dev/kmem Allows monregion access to kernel virtual memory space.
/dev/mem Allows monregion access to kernel physical memory space.
/proc/????? The proc file system entry for the target process, where
????? is the five-digit process ID.
/unix The default CLIX image. The monregion command looks up
offsets into the kernel from the boot_image.
NOTES
Superuser privileges are required to run this monitor on processes other
than those owned by the user.
CAUTIONS
Sending raw data to a file can create a very large file, which may result
in unexplained ``disk full'' messages.
EXIT VALUES
The exit values are not valid.
RELATED INFORMATION
Commands: crm(1), as(1)
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